Nangona amafutha efosili enike amandla kwaye abumba ixesha langoku nawo abe ngumba onegalelo elikhulu kwintlekele yemozulu yangoku.Nangona kunjalo, amandla nawo aya kuba ngumba ophambili wokumelana neziphumo zokutshintsha kwemozulu: inguqu yamandla acocekileyo ehlabathini lonke echaphazeleka kwezoqoqosho izisa ithemba elitsha ngekamva lethu.
Amafutha efosili enze isiseko senkqubo yamandla ehlabathi, ezisa ukukhula koqoqosho ngendlela engazange ibonwe ngaphambili kunye nokuphembelela uphuculo lwale mihla.Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ehlabathi kunyuke ngokuphindwe kamashumi amahlanu kwezi nkulungwane zimbini zidlulileyo, kunika amandla ushishino loluntu, kodwa kubangele umonakalo ongazange ubonwe ngaphambili.CO2amanqanaba omoya wethu afikelele kumanqanaba afanayo nalawo abhalisiweyo kwi-3-5 yezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo, xa i-avareji yobushushu yayiyi-2-3 ° C yokufudumala kunye nomgangatho wolwandle wawuyi-10-20 yeemitha phezulu.Izazinzulu ziye zafikelela kwisivumelwano ngokutshintsha kwemozulu ngendlela anthropogenic ngayo, yaye iIPCC yathi “impembelelo yomntu kwimozulu icacile, yaye ukukhutshwa kweegesi zegreenhouse kutshanje yeyona nto iphakamileyo embalini.”
Ukusabela kwintlekele yemozulu, izivumelwano zehlabathi zigxile ekunciphiseni iCO2izinto ezikhutshwayo ukuze kuthintelwe ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nokucutha utshintsho lwemozulu yeanthropogenic.Intsika esembindini yezi nzame ijikeleza ekuguquleni icandelo lezamandla kunye nokuya kuqoqosho olunekhabhoni ephantsi.Oku kuya kufuna utshintsho olusondeleyo olubhekiselele kumandla ahlaziyekayo, njengoko icandelo lezamandla lithatha isibini kwisithathu sezinto ezikhutshwayo zehlabathi.Kwixesha elidlulileyo, eyona nto ibambekayo kolu tshintsho ibe luqoqosho olusemva kokushenxa kumafutha efosili: siyakuhlawulela njani olu tshintsho kwaye sibuyekeze imisebenzi emininzi elahlekileyo?Ngoku, umfanekiso uyatshintsha.Kukho ubungqina obukhulayo bokuba amanani asemva kokuguqulwa kwamandla acocekileyo anengqiqo.
Ukuphendula ukunyuka kwamanqanaba e-CO2
Ngokutsho kweUmbutho weMeteorological weHlabathi(WMO) i-2018 isifundo, amanqanaba e-atmospheric greenhouse gas, okuyi-carbon dioxide (CO2), i-methane (CH4), kunye ne-nitrous oxide (N2O), zonke zifikelele kwi-highs entsha kwi-2017.
Icandelo lamandla lithatha indawo yonkeI-35% ye-CO2 ekhutshwayo.Oku kuquka ukutshiswa kwamalahle, irhasi yendalo, neoyile yombane nobushushu (25%), kunye nezinye izinto ezikhutshwayo ezinganxulumenanga ngokuthe ngqo nombane okanye imveliso yobushushu, njengokutsalwa kwamafutha, ukucokiswa, ukusetyenzwa kunye nokuthutha (i-10 engaphezulu %).
Icandelo lamandla aligcini nje ngokuba negalelo kwisabelo sengonyama sokukhutshwa, kukwakho ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwimfuno yamandla.Iqhutywa luqoqosho olomeleleyo lwehlabathi, kwakunye neemfuno eziphakamileyo zokufudumeza kunye nokupholisa, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ehlabathi kunyuke nge-2.3% ngowama-2018, phantse ukuphinda kabini umndilili wokukhula ukususela ngowama-2010.
I-DE carbonization ilingana nokususa okanye ukunciphisa i-carbon dioxide kwimithombo yamandla kwaye ngoko ke ukuphumeza i-wholesale yamandla ahlambulukileyo, ukusuka kumafutha e-fossil kunye nokwamkela amandla avuselelekayo.Isithako esibalulekileyo ukuba siza kuthelekisa iziphumo ezimbi kakhulu zokutshintsha kwemozulu.
Hayi "nje" malunga nokwenza into elungileyo
Iinzuzo zoguqulo lwamandla acocekileyo aziphelelanga nje “ekuthinteleni” ingxaki yemozulu.“Kukho izibonelelo ezincedisayo ezinokuhamba ngaphaya kokunciphisa ukufudumala kwehlabathi.Umzekelo, ukungcoliseka komoya okuncitshisiweyo kuya kuba neempembelelo ezintle kwimpilo yabantu” utshilo uRamiro Parrado weCMCC wohlalutyo lwezoQoqosho lweMpembelelo yeMozulu kunye neCandelo loMgaqo-nkqubo xa bekudliwano-ndlebe kweli nqaku.Ngaphezulu kweenzuzo zempilo, amazwe nawo akhetha ukufumana amandla awo kwimithombo ehlaziyekayo ukuze angaxhomekeki kakhulu ekuthengeni amandla kumazwe angaphandle, ngakumbi amazwe angayivelisiyo ioyile.Ngale ndlela, ukungavisisani ngokwelizwe kuyathintelwa njengoko amazwe esenza awawo amandla.
Nangona kunjalo, nangona iingenelo zenguqu yamandla kwimpilo engcono, uzinzo lwe-geopolitical kunye neenzuzo zokusingqongileyo azikho iindaba;azizange zanele ukuzisa utshintsho lwamandla acocekileyo.Njengoko kuqhele ukwenzeka, eyona nto yenza ukuba umhlaba ujikeleze yimali… kwaye ngoku imali ihamba isiya kwicala elifanelekileyo.
Uluhlu olukhulayo loncwadi lukhomba kwinto yokuba utshintsho lwamandla acocekileyo luya kuhambelana nokukhula kweGDP kunye nokwanda kwengqesho.AbanempembeleloIngxelo ye-IRENA yowama-2019ibonisa ukuba nge-USD 1 nganye echithwe kutshintsho lwamandla kunokubakho intlawulo enokubakho phakathi kwe-USD 3 kunye ne-USD 7, okanye i-USD 65 yetriliyoni kunye ne-USD 160 yetriliyoni ngokwemigaqo eyongezelekayo kwixesha ukuya ku-2050. Kwanele ukufumana abadlali abakhulu kunye nabaqulunqi bomgaqo-nkqubo. unomdla kakhulu.
Xa sele ithathwa njengengathembekanga kwaye ibiza kakhulu, izinto ezihlaziyiweyo ziye zibe luphawu lwezicwangciso ze-decarbonization.Eyona nto iphambili ibe kukuhla kweendleko, nto leyo eqhuba ishishini lamandla avuselelekayo.Ubuchwephesha obuvuselelekayo obufana nombane kunye ne-geothermal bezikhuphisana iminyaka kwaye ngoku ilanga nomoya ziyakhuphisana.ukufumana umda wokhuphiswano ngenxa yenkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe kunye nokwanda kotyalo-mali, ukukhuphisana nobugcisa obuqhelekileyo bokuvelisa ngokweendleko kwiimarike ezininzi zehlabathi,nangaphandle kwenkxaso.
Esinye isalathisi esinamandla senzuzo yezemali yotshintsho lwamandla acocekileyo sisigqibo sabadlali abakhulu bezemali sokuntywila kumandla efosili kunye nokutyala imali kwizinto ezinokuhlaziywa.Ingxowa-mali yobutyebi baseNorway kunye ne-HSBC baphumeza amanyathelo okususa amalahle, kunye nesangaphambiliukulahla utyalo-mali kwiinkampani ezisibhozo ze-oyile kunye nabavelisi be-oyile abangaphezu kwe-150.Ethetha ngenyathelo lengxowa-mali yaseNorway, uTom Sanzillo, umalathisi wezemali kwiZiko lezoQoqosho lwezaMandla noHlahlelo lwezeMali uthe: “Ezi ziingxelo ezibaluleke kakhulu eziphuma kwingxowa-mali enkulu.Bayenza loo nto ngenxa yokuba izitokhwe zamafutha efosili azivelisi xabiso abanalo ngokwembali.Ikwasisilumkiso kwiinkampani ezihlangeneyo ze-oyile ukuba abatyali-mali bajonge kuzo ukuze baqhubele phambili uqoqosho kumandla ahlaziyekayo.”
Amaqela Investment, ezifanaDivestInvestkwayeCA100+, baphinde babeke uxinzelelo kumashishini ukunciphisa i-carbon footprints.Kwi-COP24 iyodwa, iqela labatyali-mali abangama-415, abamele ngaphezulu kwe-USD 32 yetriliyoni, bavakalise ukuzibophelela kwabo kwiSivumelwano saseParis: igalelo elibalulekileyo.Izikhwelo zokwenziwa zibandakanya ukunyanzelisa ukuba oorhulumente babeke ixabiso kwikhabhoni, baphelise izibonelelo zefosili, kwaye baphelise amandla amalahle ashushu.
Kodwa, kuthekani ngayo yonke loo misebenzi inokulahleka ukuba sisuka kude neshishini leefosili?UParrado ucacisa esithi: “Njengazo zonke iinguqulelo kuya kubakho amacandelo aza kuchaphazeleka kwaye umke kumafutha efosili kuya kuthetha ukulahleka kwemisebenzi kwelo candelo.”Nangona kunjalo, uqikelelo luqikelela ukuba inani lemisebenzi emitsha edaliweyo liya kudlula ilahleko yemisebenzi.Amathuba engqesho yingqwalasela ephambili ekucwangciseleni ukukhula koqoqosho lwekhabhoni ephantsi kwaye oorhulumente abaninzi ngoku babeka phambili uphuhliso lwamandla ahlaziyekayo, okokuqala ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kunye nokuhlangabezana neenjongo zemozulu yamazwe ngamazwe, kodwa kwakhona kusukelo lweenzuzo ezibanzi zentlalo noqoqosho ezifana nokunyuka kwengqesho kunye nokuba sempilweni. .
Ikamva lamandla acocekileyo
I-paradigm yamandla yangoku isenza ukuba sinxulumanise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kweplanethi yethu.Oku kungenxa yokuba siye satshisa amafutha efosili ukuze sifikelele kwiinkonzo zamandla aphantsi kunye nentabalala.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba siza kuhlangabezana nengxaki yemozulu amandla aya kuqhubeka eyinxalenye ebalulekileyo kokubini ekuphunyezweni kohlengahlengiso kunye nezicwangciso zokunciphisa ezifunekayo ukumelana nengxaki ekhoyo yemozulu kunye nokuphumelela okuqhubekayo koluntu lwethu.Amandla sisizathu seengxaki zethu kunye nesixhobo sokusombulula.
Uqoqosho olusemva kolu tshintsho luvakala kwaye, ludityaniswa nezinye iimpembelelo ezinamandla zotshintsho, kukho ithemba elitsha kwikamva lamandla acocekileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-03-2021