- I-Indonesia iceba ukuyeka ukwakha izityalo ezitsha zamalahle emva kwe-2023, kunye nomthamo ongezelelweyo wombane oza kuveliswa kuphela kwimithombo emitsha kunye nokuhlaziywa.
- Iingcali zophuhliso kunye necandelo labucala zisamkele esi sicwangciso, kodwa abanye bathi asinabhongo ngokwaneleyo kuba sisabandakanya ukwakhiwa kwamaziko amatsha amalahle asele etyikityiwe.
- Emva kokuba ezi zityalo zakhiwe, ziya kusebenza kumashumi eminyaka ezayo, kwaye ukukhutshwa kwazo kuya kuthetha intlekele yokutshintsha kwemozulu.
- Kukwakho nempikiswano malunga nokuba urhulumente uthatha amandla "amatsha nahlaziyekayo", apho adibanisa ilanga kunye nomoya ecaleni kwe-biomass, inyukliya, kunye namalahle afakwe igesi.
I-Indonesia yecandelo lohlaziyo lihamba ngasemva kubamelwane balo kuMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia - nangona ibandakanya imithombo evunyiweyo "ehlaziyiweyo" efana nelanga, i-geothermal kunye ne-hydro, kunye nemithombo "emitsha" ephikisanayo efana ne-biomass, i-biofuel esekwe kwioli yesundu, amalahle anegesi, kwaye, ngokwethiyori, inyukliya.Ukusukela ngo-2020, le mithombo yamandla emitsha nehlaziyekayoyenziwe kuphelaI-11.5% yothungelwano lombane welizwe.Urhulumente ulindele ukuvelisa amandla angama-23% elizwe kwimithombo emitsha nehlaziyekayo ngowama-2025.
Amalahle, apho i-Indonesia inovimba abaninzi, yenza phantse i-40% yomxube wamandla welizwe.
I-Indonesia inokufikelela kwi-net-zero emissions ngo-2050 ukuba ukukhutshwa kwezixhobo zombane kuncitshiswa ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ke isitshixo sokuqala kukuyeka ngokupheleleyo ukwakha izityalo ezintsha zamalahle ubuncinane emva kwe-2025. Kodwa ukuba kunokwenzeka, ngaphambi kwe-2025 ingcono.
Ukubandakanyeka kwecandelo labucala
Ngemeko yangoku, apho ihlabathi liphela lisingise kwi-decarbonizing uqoqosho, icandelo labucala e-Indonesia kufuneka liguqule.Ngaphambili, iinkqubo zikarhulumente bezigxininisa ekwakhiweni kwemizi-mveliso yamalahle, kodwa ngoku yahlukile.Ke ngoko, iinkampani kufuneka zijikeleze ekwakheni amaziko ombane ahlaziyekayo.
Iinkampani kufuneka ziqonde ukuba akukho kamva kumafutha efosili, kunye nenani elikhulayo lamaziko emali athi aza kuyirhoxisa inkxaso-mali yeeprojekthi zamalahle phantsi koxinzelelo olukhulayo oluvela kubathengi kunye nabanini zabelo abafuna inyathelo malunga nokutshintsha kwemozulu.
UMzantsi Korea, obuxhase ngemali ngamandla amaziko ombane asebenza ngamalahle aphesheya, kubandakanya ne-Indonesia, phakathi kuka-2009 no-2020, kutshanje ubhengeze ukuba iya kuyiphelisa yonke inkxaso-mali entsha yeeprojekthi zamalahle aphesheya.
Wonke umntu ubona ukuba izityalo zamalahle azinakamva, ngoko kutheni uzikhathaza ngenkxaso-mali yeeprojekthi zamalahle?Kuba ukuba baxhasa ngemali izityalo ezintsha zamalahle, kukho ithuba lokuba babe zii-asethi ezixineneyo.
Emva kowama-2027, iiplanti zombane welanga, kubandakanywa ugcino lwazo, kunye nezixhobo zamandla omoya ziya kuvelisa umbane ongabizi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezityalo zamalahle.Ke ukuba i-PLN iyaqhubeka isakha izityalo ezintsha zamalahle ngaphandle kokunqumama, amandla okuba ezo zityalo zibe zii-asethi ezixineneyo makhulu.
Icandelo labucala kufuneka lizibandakanye [ekuphuhliseni amandla avuselelekayo].Ngalo lonke ixesha kukho imfuneko yokuphuhlisa amandla amatsha nahlaziyekayo, mema nje icandelo labucala.Isicwangciso sokuyeka ukwakha amaziko amatsha amalahle kufuneka sibonwe njengethuba lecandelo labucala lokutyala imali kwizinto ezinokuhlaziywa.
Ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kwecandelo labucala, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukuphuhlisa icandelo lokuhlaziya e-Indonesia.
Amashumi eminyaka ngaphezulu kwamalahle avuthayo
Ngelixa ukubeka umhla wokugqibela wokwakhiwa kwezityalo zamalahle linyathelo lokuqala elibalulekileyo, akwanelanga ukuba i-Indonesia itshintshe ingabikho kumafutha efosili.
Nje ukuba ezi zityalo zamalahle zakhiwe, ziya kusebenza amashumi eminyaka ezayo, nto leyo eya kuthi ivale i-Indonesia kuqoqosho lwekhabhoni emandla ngaphaya kwexesha elibekiweyo lika-2023.
Phantsi kweyona meko ilungileyo, i-Indonesia kufuneka iyeke ukwakha iziko elitsha lamalahle ukususela ngoku ngaphandle kokulinda ukugqiba inkqubo ye-35,000 MW kunye nenkqubo ye- [7,000 MW] ukuze ihlangabezane nenjongo yokunciphisa ukufudumala kwehlabathi ukuya kwi-1.5° ngokukaCelsius ngo-2050.
Itekhnoloji enkulu yokugcina ibhetri efunekayo ukwenza umoya kunye nelanga ithembeke ngakumbi ihlala ibiza kakhulu.Oko kwenza naluphi na utshintsho olukhawulezileyo nolukhulu ukusuka kumalahle ukuya kuhlaziyo olungenakufikelela ngoku.
Kwakhona, ixabiso lelanga lehle kakhulu kangangokuba umntu unokwakha ngaphezulu inkqubo ukuze anike amandla aneleyo, nangeentsuku ezinamafu.Kwaye ekubeni i-fuel ehlaziyiweyo isimahla, ngokungafaniyo namalahle okanye igesi yendalo, ukuvelisa ngokugqithisileyo akuyongxaki.
Ukuphela kwezityalo ezidala
Iingcali ziye zahlaba ikhwelo lokuba amaziko amalahle amadala, abathi angcolisa kakhulu kwaye kubiza imali eninzi ukuwenza, ukuba arhoxe kwangethuba.Ukuba sifuna ukuhambelana [nosukelo lwethu lwemozulu], kufuneka siqale ukuphelisa amalahle ukususela ngo-2029, ngokukhawuleza okona kungcono.Sichonge amaziko ombane amadala anokupheliswa phambi kowama-2030, asele esebenze iminyaka engaphezu kwama-30.
Nangona kunjalo, urhulumente ukuza kuthi ga ngoku akakabhengeza naziphi na izicwangciso zokuphelisa iiplanti zamalahle ezindala.Iya kugqibeka ngakumbi ukuba i-PLN ikwanayo nethagethi yokuphuma, ke ungayeki nje ukwakha izityalo ezintsha zamalahle.
Ukupheliswa ngokupheleleyo kwazo zonke izityalo zamalahle kunokwenzeka kuphela kwiminyaka engama-20 ukuya kuma-30 ukusuka ngoku.Nalapho, urhulumente kuyakufuneka ukuba abeke imigaqo ekhoyo exhasa ukupheliswa kwamalahle kunye nokuphuhliswa kwezinto ezinokutsha.
Ukuba yonke [imimiselo] ihambelana, icandelo labucala alinangxaki kwaphela ukuba amaziko amadala amadala ayavalwa.Umzekelo, sineemoto ezindala ukusuka kwiminyaka yoo-1980 ezineenjini ezingasebenzi kakuhle.Iimoto zangoku zisebenza kakuhle.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-19-2021