Ngokwengxelo yamva nje yemarike yamandla ahlaziyekayo evela kwi-Arhente yezaMandla yeHlabathi, ngowama-2021 kuya kwaphula irekhodi lokukhula kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kwihlabathi.Ngaphandle kwamaxabiso anyukayo ezinto ezininzi (ebhekisa kumakhonkco angathengiswanga, izinto eziphathekayo ezithengiswa kakhulu ezineempawu zemveliso kwaye zisetyenziselwa imveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemveliso yezolimo kunye nokusetyenziswa) ezinokungena kwindawo yokujikeleza, zinokuthi zithintele inguqu yokucoca. amandla kwixesha elizayo.
Kule ngxelo kukhankanyiwe ukuba kulindeleke ukuba ekupheleni kwalo nyaka, umbane omtsha ufikelele ku-290 watts.Ngo-2021, iya kwaphula irekhodi lokukhula kombane ohlaziyekayo esandula ukusekwa kulo nyaka uphelileyo.Umthamo omtsha walo nyaka ude wagqitha uqikelelo olwenziwe yi-International Energy Agency (IEA) ngentwasahlobo.I-IEA yathi ngexesha "ukukhula okuphezulu kakhulu" kuya kuba "yinto entsha yesiqhelo" yamandla ahlaziyekayo.I-Arhente yezaMandla yeHlabathi ekhankanywe ngo-Oktobha 2020 “iWorld Energy Outlook” inika ingxelo yokuba amandla elanga kulindeleke ukuba abe “ngukumkani omtsha wombane.”
Amandla elanga aya kuqhubeka elawula ngo-2021, ngokukhula okulindelekileyo malunga ne-160 GW.Ibalelwa ngaphezu kwesiqingatha salo nyaka amandla amatsha ahlaziyekayo, kwaye i-Arhente yezaMandla yaMazwe ngaMazwe ikholelwa ukuba le ndlela iya kuqhubeka kule minyaka mihlanu izayo.Ngokwengxelo entsha, ngo-2026, amandla ahlaziyekayo anokubalelwa kwi-95% yomthamo omtsha wombane wehlabathi.I-Arhente yezaMandla yeZizwe ngezizwe nayo iqikelela ukuba kuya kubakho ukukhula okukhulayo kumandla ombane ovela kude nolwandle, okunokuthi kuphindaphindwe kathathu kwangelo xesha.I-International Energy Agency yathi ngo-2026, ukuveliswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kwihlabathi jikelele kunokulingana nefosili yanamhlanje kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla enyukliya zidityanisiwe.Olu lutshintsho olukhulu.Ngo-2020, amandla ahlaziyekayo aya kwenza kuphela i-29% yokuveliswa kwamandla ehlabathi.
Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle koku, kusekho "inkungu" kwiziqikelelo ezintsha ze-International Energy Agency kumandla ahlaziyekayo.Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ezinto zorhwebo, iinqanawa kunye namandla onke abeka emngciphekweni amathemba ebekade enethemba lokufumana amandla ahlaziyekayo.Ngokutsho kwe-International Energy Agency, ukususela ekuqaleni kwe-2020, iindleko ze-polysilicon ezisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iipaneli zelanga ziye zanda ngokuphindwe kane.Xa kuthelekiswa nowama-2019, iindleko zotyalo-mali zoncedo lwesikali somoya oselunxwemeni kunye nezityalo zamandla elanga zinyuke nge-25%.
Ukongezelela, ngokutsho kolunye uhlalutyo lwe-Rystad Energy, ngenxa yokunyuka kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye namaxabiso okuthutha, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha seeprojekthi zelanga zelanga ezicetywayo ukuphunyezwa ngo-2022 zinokujamelana nokulibaziseka okanye ukucinywa.Ukuba amaxabiso eemveliso ahlala ephezulu kulo nyaka uzayo, iminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu yokufikeleleka kwenzuzo evela kumandla elanga nawomoya, ngokulandelelanayo, isenokuba lilize.Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, ixabiso leemodyuli ze-photovoltaic liye lawa kakhulu, liqhuba ukuphumelela kwamandla elanga.Iindleko zamandla elanga ziye zehla ukusuka kwi-US $ 30 ngewathi nganye ngo-1980 ukuya kwi-US $ 0.20 ngewathi nganye ngo-2020. Kunyaka ophelileyo, amandla elanga ayengowona mthombo usezantsi wombane kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi.
UFatih Birol, uMlawuli oyiNtloko we-IEA, uthe kwinkomfa yabezindaba: "Amaxabiso aphezulu eemveliso kunye namandla esiwabonayo namhlanje azise imingeni emitsha kwishishini lamandla avuselelekayo.Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso epetroli nako kwenze amandla ahlaziyekayo akhuphisana ngakumbi.”Inani elikhulu lophononongo lubonise ukuba embindini wale nkulungwane, ukukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse ephuma kwizibaso ezitsha zefosili kufuneka phantse kupheliswe ngokupheleleyo ukuze kuthintelwe utshintsho lwemozulu oluyintlekele.I-arhente yathi ukufezekisa le njongo, umthamo omtsha wokuvelisa amandla ahlaziyekayo kufuneka ukhule phantse kabini izinga elilindelwe yi-Arhente yaMandla yamazwe ngamazwe kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-07-2021